FalehSec Exploited-vulnerability triage · joined from CISA KEV, NVD CVSS and EPSS

CVE-2025-42999

SAP · NetWeaver · SAP NetWeaver Deserialization Vulnerability

Verdict
Patch soon · actively exploited, not reachable unauthenticated from the internet, and in the top 5% of CVEs by near-term exploitation probability

Added to CISA KEV 2025-05-15 · exploited in the wild for 500 days · used in ransomware campaigns

What an attacker can reach How likely Time What CISA says to do Sources All 545

What an attacker can reach

CVSS 9.1 CRITICAL. The score is a summary; these three components are the part that decides whether something scanning the internet can use it.

Attack vectornetworkreachable over the network, with no local access needed
Privileges requiredhighneeds elevated privileges before it can be used
User interactionnonecan be triggered with nobody interacting with the page or request
Base vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
WeaknessCWE-502

This describes the vulnerability. It says nothing about whether your systems run it.

How likely

EPSS puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.1387, which places it in the top 5% of all tracked CVEs. The percentile is the more useful half: 0.18 in absolute terms sounds low until you know most of the internet-facing software in the world scores under that.

EPSS probability0.1387
Percentile0.964 — top 5%

Time

Added to KEV2025-05-15
Days exploited500
Federal remediation duenot set
Ransomware useknown to be used in ransomware campaigns

What CISA says to do

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader is vulnerable when a privileged user can upload untrusted or malicious content which, when deserialized, could potentially lead to a compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the host system.

Sources