FalehSec Exploited-vulnerability triage · joined from CISA KEV, NVD CVSS and EPSS

CVE-2025-0111

Palo Alto Networks · PAN-OS · Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS File Read Vulnerability

Verdict
Patch on your normal cycle · actively exploited, not reachable unauthenticated from the internet, and in the top 25% of CVEs by near-term exploitation probability

Added to CISA KEV 2025-02-20 · exploited in the wild for 584 days

What an attacker can reach How likely Time What CISA says to do Sources All 545

What an attacker can reach

CVSS 7.1 HIGH. The score is a summary; these three components are the part that decides whether something scanning the internet can use it.

Attack vectornetworkreachable over the network, with no local access needed
Privileges requiredlowneeds some credentials, so a fully anonymous attacker cannot reach it directly
User interactionnonecan be triggered with nobody interacting with the page or request
Base vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Red
WeaknessCWE-73

This describes the vulnerability. It says nothing about whether your systems run it.

How likely

EPSS puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.0200, which places it in the top 25% of all tracked CVEs. The percentile is the more useful half: 0.18 in absolute terms sounds low until you know most of the internet-facing software in the world scores under that.

EPSS probability0.0200
Percentile0.799 — top 25%

Time

Added to KEV2025-02-20
Days exploited584
Federal remediation duenot set
Ransomware useno known ransomware campaign use

What CISA says to do

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

An authenticated file read vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software enables an authenticated attacker with network access to the management web interface to read files on the PAN-OS filesystem that are readable by the “nobody” user. You can greatly reduce the risk of this issue by restricting access to the management web interface to only trusted internal IP addresses according to our recommended best practices deployment guidelines https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431 . This issue does not affect Cloud NGFW or Prisma Access software.

Sources